On June 3, 2025, Zambia's Minister of Mines and Minerals Development, Paul Kabuswe, signed important new mining laws. These laws are the Minerals Regulation Commission Act, 2024 (New Mines Act) and the Geological and Minerals Development Act, 2015 (GMDA), which were published on June 13, 2025. These laws aim to modernize Zambia's mining industry and boost copper production to 3 million metric tons by 2030.

The New Mines Act replaces the previous Mines and Minerals Development Act, 2015. It introduces major changes, including the creation of the Minerals Regulation Commission. This Commission is now the main authority for overseeing mining activities, taking over roles from various directorates in the Ministry of Mines. It handles policies, grants mining rights, and ensures compliance with laws.

The New Mines Act also retains existing mining rights but imposes stricter criteria for obtaining them. It limits the number of mining rights a person can hold to five, unless they meet certain standards. The Act also allows for designated priority licensing areas, which are subject to public bidding.

The GMDA enhances institutional oversight with new directorates focusing on artisanal and large-scale mining. It clarifies the roles of these directorates and strengthens regulatory support, especially for small-scale mining operations.

The laws enforce local content and employment obligations more strictly. Companies must prioritize Zambian goods and services and employ local citizens. Non-compliance can result in significant financial penalties.

Overall, the new legislation marks a major step forward for Zambia's mining industry. It emphasizes stronger oversight, encourages investment, and ensures that mining benefits the local economy. Companies in Zambia need to align with these new requirements to take advantage of the opportunities and comply with the changes.